While Martin Luther King’s stance on non-violence is probably one of the most famous legacies of the Civil Rights Movement, there were many black activists who had a different view of things. Please examine these resources and respond.

Mos Def reading an excerpt “Message to the Grassroots”, a speech by Malcolm X which explains Malcolm’s position on self-defense:

If you have time to listen to Malcolm himself speaking for longer, here is one of his most famous speeches “The Ballot or the Bullet”.

Here is Fred Hampton, a prominent member of the Chicago Black Panther Party also talking about self-defense:

This is a link to the Black Panther Party 10 Point Program (”What We Want and What We Believe”) from 1966.

Here is part of a movie called “The Murder of Fred Hampton” which focuses on Fred Hampton’s life until he was killed by the FBI. If you start at 1:10, you can watch Fred Hampton and Bobby Seale speak and then there is a little coverage of the “Free Breakfast for Kids” program that the Panthers ran. Watch as much as you can: